Admi does another unauthorized picture, this of Tree's family reunion.
As 111Jack pointed out my grandparents all immigrated from Italy. Maternal side was from Rome and Sicily, paternal was from the northwest and northeast top of the country.
My paternal grandfather brought my grandmother to the US she was so pissed she refused to speak English, even though both spoke 5 or 6 languages. Neither graduated from elementary school...
Tree
Dear T
Italy is really a very young republic founded only 152 years ago.
The history before unification it's the key to understand differences and people migrations flows
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy
We was full of different kingdoms, that's why the areas you mentioned are the most common areas.
South :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies
West :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia
Yours
Jack
The main period of immigration
Mulberry Street, along which New York City's
Little Italy is centered.
Lower East Side, circa 1900.
The Italian unification in 1861 caused economic conditions to considerably worsen for many in southern Italy and Sicily. Heavy taxes and other economic measures imposed on the South made the situation virtually impossible for many tenant farmers, and small business and land owners. Multitudes chose to emigrate rather than try to eke out a meager living. Often, the father and older sons would go first, leaving the mother and the rest of the family behind until the male members could afford their passage.
From 1880 to 1920, an estimated 4 million Italian immigrants arrived in the United States, the majority from 1900 to 1914. Once in America, the immigrants faced great challenges. Often with no knowledge of the English language and with little education, many of the immigrants were compelled to accept the poorest paying and most undesirable jobs, and were frequently exploited by the middlemen who acted as intermediaries between them and the prospective employers.
[17] Many sought housing in the older sections of the large northeastern cities in which they settled, which became known as "
Little Italies", often in overcrowded substandard tenements. About a third of the immigrants, so-called "birds of passage", intended to stay in the United States for only a limited time, followed by a return to Italy with enough in savings to re-establish themselves there.
[18] While many did return to Italy, others chose to stay, or were prevented from returning by the outbreak of World War I.
The Italian male immigrants in the Little Italies were most often employed in manual labor, heavily involved in public works, such as the construction of roads, sewers, subways and bridges being carried out at the time in the
northeastern cities. The women most frequently worked as seamstresses in the garment industry or in their homes. Many established small businesses in the Little Italies to satisfy the day-to-day needs of fellow immigrants. In spite of the economic hardship of the immigrants, civil and social life flourished in the Italian American neighborhoods of the large northeastern cities. Italian theater, band concerts, choral recitals, puppet shows, mutual-aid societies, and social clubs were available to the immigrants.
[19] An important event, the "festa", became for many an important connection to the traditions of their ancestral villages in Italy and Sicily. The festa involved an elaborate procession through the streets in honor of a patron saint or the Virgin Mary in which a large statue was carried by a team of men, with musicians marching behind. Followed by food, fireworks and general merriment, the festa became an important occasion that helped give the immigrants a sense of unity and common identity. To assist the immigrants in the Little Italies, who were overwhelmingly Catholic, Pope
Leo XIII dispatched a contingent of priests, nuns and brothers of the
Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo. Among these was Sister
Francesca Cabrini, who founded schools, hospitals and orphanages and who, after her death, was declared the first American saint. Hundreds of parishes were founded by the St. Charles missionaries to serve the needs of the Italian communities.
The destinations of many of the Italian immigrants were not only the large cities of the
East Coast, but also more remote regions of the country, such as Florida and California. They were drawn there by opportunities in agriculture, mining, railroad construction, lumbering and other activities underway at the time. Many of the immigrants had contracted to work in these areas of the country as a condition for payment of their passage. In many cases, especially in the South, the immigrants were subject to economic exploitation, hostility and sometimes even violence.
[20] Many of the Italian laborers who went to these areas were later joined by wives and children, which resulted in the establishment of permanent Italian American settlements in diverse parts of the country.
In time, the Italian immigrants and their descendants adjusted to life in their adopted country, and began making contributions to mainstream American life and culture. Many of the immigrants had brought with them specialized skills and knowledge, and an entrepreneurial spirit. A significant number of business innovations were brought about by Italian Americans.
Amadeo Giannini originated the concept of branch banking to serve the Italian American community in San Francisco. He founded the Bank of Italy, which later became the
Bank of America. His bank was also instrumental in providing financing to the film industry developing on the west coast at that time. Other companies founded by Italian Americans – such as
Ghirardelli Chocolate Company,
Progresso,
Planters Peanuts,
Contadina,
Chef Boyardee,
Italian Swiss Colony wines and
Jacuzzi – became nationally known brand names in time. An Italian immigrant, Italo Marciony (Marcioni), is credited with inventing the earliest version of an
ice cream cone in 1898. Another Italian immigrant,
Giuseppe Bellanca, brought with him in 1912 an advanced aircraft design, which he began producing. It was
Charles Lindbergh's first choice for his flight across the Atlantic, but other factors ruled this out; however, one of Bellanca's planes, piloted by Cesare Sabelli and George Pond, made one of the first non-stop trans-Atlantic flights in 1934.
[21]
Following in the footsteps of Constantino Brumidi, other Italians and their descendants helped create Washington’s impressive monuments. An Italian immigrant,
Attilio Piccirilli, and his five brothers carved the Lincoln Memorial, which they began in 1911 and completed in 1922. Italian construction workers helped build Washington's Union Station, considered one of the most beautiful in the country, which was begun in 1905 and completed in 1908. The six statues that decorate the station's facade were sculpted by Andrew Bernasconi between 1909 and 1911. Two Italian American master stone carvers, Roger Morigi and Vincent Palumbo, spent decades creating the sculptural works that embellish Washington National Cathedral.
[22]
Italian Americans became involved in entertainment and sports.
Rudolph Valentino was one of the first great film icons.
Dixieland jazz music had a number of important Italian American innovators, the most famous being
Nick LaRocca of New Orleans, whose quintet made the first jazz recording in 1917. The first Italian American professional baseball player,
Ping Bodie (Giuseppe Pezzole), began playing for the
Chicago White Sox in 1912.
Ralph DePalma won the
Indianapolis 500 in 1915.
Italian Americans became increasingly involved in politics, government and the labor movement.
Andrew Longino was elected
Governor of Mississippi in 1900.
Charles Bonaparte was
Secretary of the Navy and later
Attorney General in the
Theodore Roosevelt administration, and founded the
Federal Bureau of Investigation.
[23] Fiorello LaGuardia was elected from New York in 1916 to serve in the US Congress, and was Mayor of New York City from 1934 to 1945. Italian Americans, such as
Arturo Giovannitti,
Carlo Tresca and
Joseph Ettor were at the forefront in fighting for worker's rights in industries such as the mining, textiles and garment industries.
from wikipedia
found by dd hansi