Late in the evening of October 8, 1871, the O’Leary barn in Chicago (now the site is in a fire training facility) caught fire. The O'Leary's ramshackle home was spared, but they lost their few animals and Mrs. O’Leary’s milk wagon business. When the fire burned itself out 30 hours later, much of the city, including both poor and wealthy homes, a number of banks and luxury hotels, numerous churches (including Holy Name Cathedral), the courthouse, and the redlight district were in ruins. 90,000 people (out of 330,000) were homeless (but “only” some hundreds died).
The wind was strong, the fire easily jumped the river branches, and the water streams of the firefighters were blown off the flames. A pharmacist near the O’Leary’s had access to a fire box, turned in two alarms, but never got through. The fire was finally spotted by a watchman in the courthouse.
The city was mostly wood (and tar) construction. As a rail hub, its yards held piles of lumber, coal, dry grain, and tankers of kerosene. Wind-blown embers ignited new fuel easily.
Mayor Mason with an adult son tried to rescue papers. He failed, and it took three hours to walk the two miles back home—streets blocked by fire, bridges destroyed or crammed with refugees.
General Sheridan, the Civil War hero commanding the Army’s Department of the Missouri, wired for tents, provisions, and troops. He also unsuccessfully tried to retrieve papers. Then he and some subordinates took axes (and later gunpowder) to wooden buildings attempting (ineffectually) to create a fire break.
Edward Armitage in 1872 created “In Memory of the Great Fire at Chicago), based on Matthew (“..thirsty and you gave me drink, naked and you clothed me”). I guess Victorian nudity was OK if it was biblical. It’s like a peita’.
View attachment 1542490