By the way, this is what Europe looked like at that time:
Kings, church leaders and politicians:
- Niccoló Machiavelli (1469 - 1527), Italian politician; advocate of ruthless power politics
- Thomas More, English politician, recognized the Pope as the highest church institution; executed in 1535
- Ignatius of Loyola (1491 - 1556); co-founder of the Jesuit order
- Henry VIII (1491 - 1547) English king and founder of the Anglican state church
- Suleiman I the Magnificent (1496 - 1566), Sultan of the Ottomans
- Ivan IV the Terrible (1530 - 1584), first Russian Tsar
- Mary Stuart (1542 - 1587), Queen of Scotland; executed for high treason
- Elizabeth I (1533 - 1603), Queen of England; founded the first English colony in America (Virginia)
Artists and writers
- Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519), Italian polymath and artist
- Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475 -1564); important artist of the Italian High Renaissance
- Raphael (1483 - 1520); one of the greatest painters of all time
- Miguel de Cervantes (1547 - 1616); Don Quixote
- William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616); one of the most important dramatists in world literature
- Albrecht Dürer (1471 - 1526); one of the most important German painters
Inventors and discoverers:
- Christopher Columbus (1451 - 1506); Sailor and rediscoverer of America
- Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543); description of the solar system
- Ferdinand Magellan (1480 - 1521); began the first circumnavigation of the world
- Paracelsus (1493 - 1543); doctor, alchemist, astrologer, philosopher.
- Adam Ries (1493 - 1559), German arithmetician
- Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642); Italian philosopher, mathematician, physicist and astronomer