l'bogo
Venetian Mask
Mais quelle finesse!... Scottish witches were strangled before their bodies were burnt ...
Mais quelle finesse!... Scottish witches were strangled before their bodies were burnt ...
Charles II desire for revenge wasn't confined to the living. The bodies of Oliver Cromwell, two other Parliamentarian military leaders and the judge who presided over Charles I's trial were exhumed and "executed". Cromwell's body was hanged in chains at Tyburn then beheaded, The head was displayed on a pole outside Westminster Hall until 1685. After passing through several hands, it was buried beneath of the chapel at Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge.Mind you English executions could be brutal too, see https://www.historyhit.com/day-killers-charles-i-executed/
Those who signed King Charles the first's death warrant did not get off easy.
(nor did anyone convicted of "coining" i.e making counterfeit money. And women coiners were burned at the stake. AS would be the fate of a woman who murdered her husband or a servant girl who murdered her master or mistress.)
BTW I said English advisedly as I believe that ,in those days, the law in Scotland and Ireland might have been different, though probably no kinder to the condemned.
One of the Heretical acts Joan was charged with was wearing men's clothing. After she recanted and was sent back to prison, she continued to wear men's clothing because she could fasten her trunk hose to her tunic to make it more difficult to be raped. The guards also took her female clothing away leaving her no other option. This was used to as proof she had relapsed into heresy and could be executed."Victorian" prudery at work again, methinks.
No doubt the executioners made sure she Did say something blasphemous.
Yup, it also happened to girls.Did that sort of thing really happen to girls?
You want to spare the details?Yup, it also happened to girls.
Some regions spared women the shame of being publicly stripped and broken on the wheel: See Geoffrey Abbott book 'Execution': "...she was executed wearing a jacket and pantaloons of white satin...'
There is a quite graphic description in German language of the murderess Dorothea Goetterich who was executed in 1770: 'It had taken 15 minutes to secure her in the position for the execution (usually naked spreadeagled) and place the wooden wedges under her limbs where to be broken. She only cried out loud in pain when the first limb was broken. Apparently her face showed the pain while the other limbs and feet bones were smashed but she did not scream any further...' I want to spare the details, but she suffered a lot before finally passing away
Well, as you wishYou want to spare the details?
In this forum????
Yes and the victim´s clothes on the floor. Perhaps she has stripped no resistanceI especially like the two women observing and indulging the torture -- of whom? a former friend?
I especially like the two women observing and indulging the torture -- of whom? a former friend?
It is an interesting image, to be sure, and captures the drama and trauma of the event quite well. On an amusing note (since my mind tends to go there), the torturers do seem to be rather more interested in breaking the actual wheel, rather than the girl on it, but perhaps I'm missing the point there.
I think they tried to depict a torture different from breaking on the wheel, which hadn't been a legal punishment in Ancient Rome.View attachment 800236
In this image by Orionartist "The martyrdom of Saint Catherine of Alexandria" the frustrated torture of the saint is represented in an unusually realistic way. In my opinion artists do not usually understand what her martyrdom consisted of
View attachment 800238View attachment 800239View attachment 800240
Here are some examples to illustrate what I say. The saint is finally beheaded by the breakage of the wheel but the artists do not understand what this torment consists of and for example they put blades on the wheels.
This is surprising especially when the broken wheel was a widespread torture throughout Europe until the nineteenth century.
In the legend, the wheel does indeed fly apart and kills the torturers.It is an interesting image, to be sure, and captures the drama and trauma of the event quite well. On an amusing note (since my mind tends to go there), the torturers do seem to be rather more interested in breaking the actual wheel, rather than the girl on it, but perhaps I'm missing the point there.
Been a while since I read that. Thanks for the reminder. It's a stirring poem - like a saga.In the legend, the wheel does indeed fly apart and kills the torturers.
I don't think any artist or hagiographer (writer of saints' lives)
has ever had much idea how Catherine's wheel was supposed to work,
which has allowed free rein to a great many ingenious fantasies,
including my dystopian version: http://www.cruxforums.com/xf/threads/the-wheel.1289/
I think I'll provide a link to Gallonio's account of how wheels could've been used. Much of it is speculation, but he likely saw similar devices in action.In the legend, the wheel does indeed fly apart and kills the torturers.
I don't think any artist or hagiographer (writer of saints' lives)
has ever had much idea how Catherine's wheel was supposed to work,
which has allowed free rein to a great many ingenious fantasies,
including my dystopian version: http://www.cruxforums.com/xf/threads/the-wheel.1289/